"LOST" Retrospect: "Who Ordered the Dharma Initiative Purge?"

 

"LOST" RETROSPECTIVE: "WHO ORDERED THE DHARMA INITIATIVE PURGE?"

Eight years ago, I had written this article about a major incident on the ABC television series, "LOST". This incident happened to focus on the murders or "Purge" of the scientific research organization known as the Dharma Initiative. It happened on December 19, 1992; nearly twelve years before the series began and before the crash of Oceanic Airlines 815 flight.

In the Season Five episode, (5.10) "He's Our You", Oceanic Flight 815 survivor and later, time traveler Sayid Jarrah tried to murder young Ben Linus in 1977. In the following episode, another Oceanic time traveler, Dr. Jack Shephard, refused to treat the badly wounded Ben, who was near death. Eventually, two other time traveling castaways, James "Sawyer" Ford and Kate Austen, had taken Ben to the Others aka the Hostiles aka the Natives, a group of island inhabitants who served as its protectors on the behalf of the main protector Jacob, for treatment via Dr. Juliet Burke's instructions. Within a decade-and-a-half, Ben ended up ousting future billionaire Charles Widmore as leader of the Others.

Ever since the series had first aired, many fans had been uncertain of when Ben's tenure as the Others' leader had began - before or after the Purge. As I had stated earlier, the Purge occurred in December 1992, on the same day as Ben's birthday and during the same month as the Others' rejection of Widmore as their leader. Many fans and television critics had automatically assumed Ben had ordered the Purge. I have heard comments that compared Ben to Adolf Hitler. I have also heard comments that compared Ben’s younger self to a "young Hitler". Many people have claimed that it was Ben who had ordered the deaths of the Dharma Initiative members. However, I have my doubts.

During Seasons Three and Four, Ben had offered contradicting comments on whether or not he had ordered the Dharma Initiative Purge. In (3.23) "Through the Looking Glass", he had claimed responsibility of the Purge to Jack:

"Not so long ago, Jack. I made a decision that took the lives of over forty people in a single day"

Unfortunately, Ben had contradicted this claim in two other episodes. In the Season Three episode, (3.20) "The Man Behind the Curtain", he had said this to Oceanic survivor John Locke, while he displayed the remains of Dharma members at a mass grave:

"This is where I came from, John. These are my people. The Dharma Initiative. They came here seeking harmony, but they couldn't even co-exist with the Island's original inhabitants. And when it became clear that one side had to go, one side had to be purged, I did what I had to do. I was one of the people that was smart enough to make sure that I didn't end up in that ditch. Which makes me considerably smarter than you, John."

Ben never claimed responsibility for ordering the Purge to Locke. He had confessed to participating in the Purge. That same episode made it clear that his participation involved killing his abusive father, Dharma Initiative worker, Roger Linus. In fact, Ben also made the same thing clear in the Season Four episode, (4.11) "Cabin Fever", when he had the following conversation with another Oceanic castaway, Hugo "Hurley" Reyes:

HURLEY: So... This is where you shot Locke and left him for dead, huh?
BEN: Yes, Hugo, I was standing right where you are now when I pulled the trigger. Should have realized at the time that it was pointless, but... I really wasn't thinking clearly.
[Hurley steps back a little]
HURLEY: Is that why you killed all these people, too?
BEN: I didn't kill them.
HURLEY: Well, if the Others didn't wipe out the Dharma Initiative --
BEN: They did wipe them out, Hugo, but it wasn't my decision.
HURLEY: Then whose was it?
BEN: Their leader's.
HURLEY: But I thought you were their leader.
BEN: Not always.

Interesting. He had admitted to trying to kill Locke in "The Man Behind the Curtain". But he denied being the one who had ordered the Purge. Also, Ben had been truthful when he told Hurley that he had not always been the Others' leader. The series had featured three other leaders - the ageless Richard Alpert (who eventually became the future leaders' advisor), Eloise Hawking and Widmore. Although some fans remain convinced that Ben had ordered the Purge, there are a good number of fans who hold Widmore responsible.

Thanks to a flashback in the Season Five episode called (5.12) "Dead Is Dead" - viewers learned that Widmore had definitely been the leader of the Others back in 1988. And in another Season Four episode called (4.09) "The Shape of Things to Come", viewers learned in a flash forward scene set in London that Ben had taken the leadership of the Others away from Widmore:

WIDMORE: I know who you are, boy. What you are. I know that everything you have you took from me. So... Once again I ask you: Why are you here?
BEN: I'm here, Charles, to tell you that I'm going to kill your daughter. Penelope, is it? And once she's gone... once she's dead... then you'll understand how I feel. And you'll wish you hadn't changed the rules.
[Widmore shifts in his bed.]
WIDMORE: You'll never find her.
[Ben turns to leave.]
WIDMORE: That island's mine, Benjamin. It always was. It will be again.

I found it interesting that Widmore had regarded the island as "his". And there were other aspects of Widmore that I found interesting. The Season Five episode, (5.03) "Jughead", had revealed Widmore as a member of the Others, as far back as 1954 (when he was seventeen years-old). As one of the Others, Widmore (along with Richard and Hawking) had participated in a previous purge - that of U.S. Army personnel, who had brought a hydrogen bomb nicknamed "Jughead" with them to the island. On other occasions, Widmore had this inclination to kill anyone he deemed a threat to the island's secrecy. He killed a fellow Other to prevent the latter from leading Locke, Sawyer and Juliet to Richard's location in 1954. The 1988 flashback from "Dead Is Dead" revealed Ben's refusal to kill Danielle Rousseau and her baby, Alex. Instead, he claimed Alex as his child and threatened Danielle to stay away. This decision had angered Widmore, who had expected Ben to kill both. Why were Danielle and Alex's deaths that important to Widmore? Ironically, Widmore finally got his way regarding Danielle and Alex, thanks to Martin Keamy, the mercenary he had sent to the island to snatch Ben in Season Four.

So, when did Ben Linus replace Charles Widmore as leader of the Others? Before December 19, 1992? Or after? The photograph below from "The Man Behind the Curtain" hints that Ben had remained a worker for the DHARMA Initiative during that period, despite joining the Others sometime in the 1980s:



But had Ben assumed leadership of the Others by then? If not, does that mean Charles Widmore was still leading the Others in December 1992? Both the LOSTPEDIA and the WIKIPEDIA sites claimed that Richard Alpert had led the Others' purge against the Dharma Initiative in 1992. But neither site made it clear who had ordered the Purge. And "Dead Is Dead" never gave a clear date on Widmore's exile.

One would assume my choice for the man responsible for ordering the Purge would be Widmore. And you would be right. There seemed a good deal of evidence making him responsible. He had already participated in an earlier purge back in 1954. Ben had revealed time and again his willingness to use violence - even kill those he deemed a threat to himself or for emotional reasons. But the series had also revealed Widmore's willingness to do the same and especially kill in the name of protecting the island. And that included ordering Ben to kill an emotionally unstable Danielle Rousseau and her infant child. Widmore had also sent the murderous Martin Keamy to the island in late Season Three-Season Four to snatch Ben. He had claimed to Locke in (5.07) "The Life and Death of Jeremy Bentham" that he had done so to give Locke the opportunity to become the Others' new leader. Yet, his words to Locke contradicted his words to Ben in London, when he had claimed the island as "his". This scene had occurred nearly a year or more after the events of Season Four.

There is also the matter of whether Keamy had another agenda - namely to kill any of the Oceanic survivors that remained. In "Cabin Fever" he had demanded Sayid reveal the number of other Oceanic survivors and their location. Fortunately, the latter had refused. In a confrontation with the freighter's Captain Gault, Keamy revealed his intentions to "torch" the island. Some claimed that this had been Keamy's angry reaction to his men being attacked by the Smoke Monster. Yet, in (4.08) "Meet Kevin Johnson", Ben had accused the freighter crew of plans to snatch him and kill the island's inhabitants. The only freighter personnel in the room - spiritualist Miles Straume - had remained unusually silent. In the following episode, (4.09) "The Shape of Things to Come", Miles claimed that Keamy and his men were around to serve as security guards for a captured Ben. But there was the revelation that Widmore had set up a false location for the missing Oceanic 815 plane - with a plane wreck and dead bodies included. This is merely an assumption of mine, but I believe Widmore had sent Keamy to not only snatch Ben, but to kill the remaining Oceanic survivors as well to maintain the narrative. I found a good deal of clues that led me to suspect Widmore had ordered the Dharma Purge.

After watching the series more than once, I find it increasingly difficult to hold Ben responsible for the Purge. His actions against the Oceanic castaways had featured spying, kidnapping, harassment, threats and manipulation. He rarely resorted to murder - aside from his attempt to kill Locke and his order to kill Sayid, Jin Kwon and Bernard Nader during the events in the Season Three finale, (3.23) "Through the Looking Glass, Part 2". If Ben had been truly capable of ordering the Purge, he would have wiped out the Oceanic survivors (or tried to) after getting Jack to remove the tumor from his spine. The man had proved incapable of following Widmore's orders to kill Danielle and Alex.

In the end, viewers know that Charles Widmore had been the leader of the Others in 1988-89, when he had ordered Ben Linus to kill Danielle Rosseau and her infant daughter. Viewers know that Ben had refused. Viewers also know that Richard Alpert had led a group of Others in the Purge against the U.S. Army in 1954. He also led the Others' purge against the Dharma Initiative on December 19, 1992. On that same date, Ben killed his father, Roger Linus, in a similar manner – by toxic gas. And viewers know that Ben had eventually replaced Widmore and exiled the latter off the island. Personally, I suspect Widmore had ordered the Purge against Dharma. But I suspect it was an order he had not issued lightly, given the number of years the Others had been in conflict with the Dharma Initiative and the dangerous nature of latter's experiments regarding the island's electromagnetic energy.

But I cannot say with any authority that Widmore had ordered the Dharma Initiative Purge. If we only knew exactly when Widmore had been exiled, perhaps this mystery of the Purge will finally be cleared.

Remembering "BABYLON 5" Season Five (1998)

 

REMEMBERING "BABYLON 5" SEASON FIVE (1998) For years, I have been aware that many fans of the 1990s science-fiction series, "BABYLON 5" have expressed disappointment in its final season - "The Wheel of Fire" (1998). Some have found it anti-climatic. And some believe it was simply terrible. However, I do not agree with either assessment.

The two biggest conflicts featured in "BABYLON 5" - the Shadow War and the Earth Civil War - finally ended during the series' fourth season, "No Surrender, No Retreat" (1996-1997). Showrunner and creator J. Michael Straczynski had originally planned for one or both of these arcs to end after five seasons. But Warner Brothers shut down its Prime Time Entertainment Network (PTEN) channel (which aired "BABYLON 5") during the series' Season Four, the series' fifth season seemed in danger. This situation had led Straczynski to complete the Shadow War and the Earth Civil War during the fourth season. However, the Turner Network Television (TNT) network picked up the series for its fifth and final season. This led Straczynski to concentrate the fifth season around the consequences of both conflicts and the creation of the Interstellar Alliance. However, a good number of fans found it difficult to accept or appreciate this new narrative. Many, even to this day, believe that Straczynski should have allowed the series to end following the end of the Earth Civil War and the Interstellar Alliance creation in the Season Four episode, (4.21) "Rising Star" and the series' final episode, (5.22) "Sleeping in the Light", which had been taped during Season Four. Allow the series to end on a high note, following a great victory for the series' protagonists, instead of the bittersweet note upon which it had actually ended. When I had claimed that Season Five had focused a lot on the consequences of the Shadow War and the Earth Civil War, I was not kidding. This especially seemed to be the case with the Shadow War. To be honest, some of those consequences had originated in previous seasons. Discovering that Shadow technology was susceptible to telepaths, the Volons had created telepaths within the younger races a long time ago. This act had eventually resulted in the creation of the Psi Corp on Earth; along with telepath Lyta Alexander's revelation of this fact to Byron Gordon, leader of a group of telepaths that had arrived on the station; the hostage situation that developed inside the Medlab; and Lyta's developing as the rogue telepaths' new leader. Michael Garabaldi's disappearance in early Season Four, along with his confrontational behavior during that scene and his discovery that Psi Corp had brainwashed him for a certain task, led toward a renewal of his alcoholism during Season Five. The Shadow War had not only ended with the Vorlons and Shadows' departures from the galaxy, but also with some of the latter's allies at loss. One of those allies were the Drahk, who first made their appearance in the Season Three episode, (3.17) "War Without End (Part 2)". They appeared again in two Season Four episodes - (4.07) "Epiphannies" and (4.11) "Lines of Communication". The Drahk finally became the major villains during Season Five. But unlike the Shadows, the Vorlons, and President Clark; they were never defeated - at least in Season Five. Chances are many years had passed - probably close to two decades - before the Interstellar Alliance and Centauri Prime finally rid themselves of the aliens. But since "BABYLON 5" had ended years before the Drahk left, audiences never saw what happened to them in the end. I would not be surprised if this was a source of frustration. Personally, I believe that the series’ fifth season proved to be a lot better than many had believed it was. I think it had suffered in popularity, due to its focus on the consequences from both the Shadow War and the Earth Civil War. Especially the Shadow War. People rarely want to see a story that explores the aftermath of a major war or event. Which is probably why it has rarely done in movies and television. I can only think of three sagas that did this - "ROOTS", the "NORTH AND SOUTH" trilogy and "BABYLON 5". The "STAR TREK" franchise, on the other hand, had never explored the aftermath of the Dominion War, following the end of "STAR TREK: DEEP SPACE NINE". The TREK franchise was never able to explore this in "STAR TREK VOYAGER", since that series was set in another part of the galaxy, the Delta Quadrant. And the "STAR TREK: NEXT GENERATION" movie that had followed - "NEMESIS" - never bothered to explore the consequences of the Dominion War. Instead, the franchise has focused on the years before the 1966-69 series, "STAR TREK" or way into the future. As I had earlier stated, most stories tend to finish with the end of a major conflict or event. If "BABYLON FIVE" had finished with the end of the Earth Civil War in late Season Four, I suspect many fans would have been happy or satisfied. If I must be honest, I would have been satisfied with this ending. But I have to give kudos to Stracynski's willingness to explore the consequences of the show's conflicts during Season Five, especially since he had already hinted the consequences through dialogue, flash forward scenes and brief character appearances in earlier episodes. These consequences were explored through the situation regarding the telepaths, the fate of certain major characters and the emergence of the Drahk. Would they have preferred if Sheridan and his forces had defeated the Drahk by the end of Season Five? Perhaps. But (3.16-3.17) "War Without End" had established that the Drahk still had control over Centauri Prime as late as 2278, nearly 16 years after the events of Season Five. Such a resolution would have been false and against canon. Did I have any problems with Season Five of "BABYLON 5"? Well . . . yes. My major problem proved to be the underwhelming quality of most of its early episodes - something that has been the norm for the show's other seasons (aside from early Season Four) and shows like "BUFFY THE VAMPIRE SLAYER" and "ANGEL". I had a problem with the initial portrayal of the telepath fugitive Byron Gordon and his followers. I do not mean to seem biased, but they reminded me of some clichéd version of the Flower Children from the late 1960s and early 1970s. Very irritating. I also had a problem with Stracynski's portrayal of Lyta Alexander. In a character arc that began in mid-to-late Season Four, Stracynski had portrayed Lyta as someone who had used by Sheridan and the station's command staff during the Shadow War . . . and later callously discarded. She had eventually rejoined the Psi Corps as a means to support herself. I found this portrayal problematic, since Lyta had her own reasons for supporting Sheridan's efforts during that war. The idea that she was simply used by the Babylon 5 staff and then discarded, because she was a telepath, never really worked for me. But I really had a problem with her characterization in Season Five. Lyta eventually became romantically involved in Byron and his attempts to blackmail or coerce the Interstellar Alliance Council into finding a home world for Human telepaths. Following Byron's death, Sheridan ordered those telepaths involved with Byron off the station . . . except Lyta. And I never understood why she became the exception or why Sheridan had waited until she became a real threat in order to kick her off the station. I also had a problem with the two episodes that proceeded the series finale - (5.20) "Objects in Motion" and (5.21) "Objects in Rest". I found them dull and slow-paced. These two episodes brought back bad memories of the second half of the series finale for "DEEP SPACE NINE", (7.26) "What You Leave Behind - Part II". Many fans had problems with the fate of Lennier, aide to the Minbari ambassador Delenn, during Season Five. Following Delenn's marriage to Sheridan near the end of Season Four, Lennier left his post as her aide and joined the Anla'Shok aka the Rangers, a small elite force first commanded by Jeffrey Sinclair to serve as peacekeepers and watchers of the galaxy. Despite becoming a Ranger, Lennier managed to appear on Babylon 5 every now and then. He had been with Delenn when her White Star ship had nearly been destroyed by a Drahk-controlled Centauri battleship. In a move that surprised and outraged many fans, Lennier had left Sheridan and another Ranger behind to die during a toxic leak accident aboard their White Star ship. Many fans felt Lennier would never do such a thing. I never understood their reaction. Stracynski had established Lennier's motive as far back as mid-Season Three, when he had revealed his unrequited love for Delenn in the episode, (3.11) "Ceremonies of Light and Dark"</i> to the former Ranger, Marcus Cole. Although Lennier had admired Sheridan as a leader, I do not recall him ever being emotionally attached to the latter. But I do recall his caustic, yet silent disappointment over Sheridan's return from dead in Season Four's (4.03) "The Summoning". When it came to fandom's outrage, their anger over Lennier's fate seemed like nothing in compared to their outrage over the portrayal of former Security Chief Michael Garibaldi's alcoholism. The latter had first reared its ugly head in a single episode, Season One's (1.11) "Survivors". Garabaldi had fallen under the suspicion of being a terrorist plotting to assassinate the late Luis Santiago, Earth Alliance's former president. These same fans seemed to resent Stracynski's decision to allow Garibaldi to succumb to the bottle again, after so many years. What can I say? Perhaps they had regarded Garibaldi's addiction as something that had been cured by the end of "Survivors". But that is not how alcoholism or any addiction work. No one can be cured of an addiction. Former addicts and alcoholics have to struggle to manage and refrain from giving in to addiction for all of their lives. It is a lifelong struggle. But many fans had not only resented the return of Garibaldi's alcoholism, but they also seemed to resent how it affected Garibaldi's performance as the Interstellar Alliance's intelligence chief and help set in motion the tragedy that engulfed Centauri Prime near the end of Season Five. Strange. These fans used to consistently make jokes about Dr. Stephen Franklin's stim addiction during Season Three. But when it came to Garibaldi's alcoholism - the least shown, the better - as far as they were concerned. You know what. Perhaps it was not strange . . . just hypocritical on their parts. Yes, I had my issues with Season Five of "BABYLON 5". Then again, the show's other seasons also provided some issues for me, as well. For years, I could recall many "BABYLON 5" fans expressing a desire for the series to end following the Earth Civil War in late Season Four. And there have been many complaints about Lennier's fate and the impact of Michael Garibaldi’s alcoholism on Season Five's overall plot. For some reason, people did not want to see stories about the aftermath or consequences of a major war. I suspect they still do not. And I cannot help but wonder why.

Five Favorite Episodes of "BABYLON 5" (Season Five: "The Wheel of Fire")

Below is a list of my top five (5) favorite episodes from Season Five (1998) of "BABYLON 5". Created by J. Michael Straczynski, the series starred Bruce Boxleitner, Mira Furlan, Jerry Doyle and Tracy Scoggins: 




TOP FIVE FAVORITE EPISODES OF "BABYLON 5" (SEASON FIVE: "THE WHEEL OF FIRE")



1. (5.04) "A View from the Gallery" - An attack on Babylon 5 by an alien race is witnessed by two maintenance workers, Mack and Bo, as they work to keep the station running in this entertaining episode.






2. (5.11) "Phoenix Rising" - The standoff between Babylon 5's personnel and the new group of telepaths holding the inhabitants of Med Lab hostage deteriorates into bloodshed and tragedy when Psi Corp cop Alfred Bester arrives. Centauri ambassador Londo Mollari and G'Kar discover an old friend in the Centauri Royal Court.






3. (5.18) "The Fall of Centauri Prime" - As Interstellar Alliance President John Sheridan races to stop the Alliance ships from attacking Centauri Prime, thanks to the presence of former Shadow allies, the Drakh; the fate of Londo and the other Centauri is decided.






4. (5.12) "The Ragged Edge" - In this interesting episode, head of the Interstellar Alliance Intelligence Michael Garabaldi's relapse into alcoholism jeopardizes an important covert mission to the Drazi homeworld. G'Kar discovers that he has become a religious leader to the Narn.






5. (5.08) "Day of the Dead" - Babylon 5 unknowingly participates in the Brakiri's "Day of the Dead" festival, in which individuals like Garibaldi, Londo and new station commander Captain Elizabeth Lochley are visited by the deceased from their past. Famous entertainers Rebo and Zooty also visit the station. A very poignant episode.







R.I.P. Jerry Doyle (July 16, 1956 – July 27, 2016)

Top Five Favorite Episodes of "BABYLON 5" (Season Four: "No Surrender, No Retreat")

Below is a list of my top five (5) favorite episodes from Season Four (1996-1997) of "BABYLON 5". Created by J. Michael Straczynski, the series starred Bruce Boxleitner, Claudia Christian, Jerry Doyle and Mira Furlan:


TOP FIVE FAVORITE EPISODES OF "BABYLON 5" (SEASON FOUR: "NO SURRENDER, NO RETREAT")



1. (4.15) "No Surrender, No Retreat" - Provoked by EarthForce President Clark's latest actions, former Captain John J. Sheridan leads the White Star fleet against EarthForce to liberate Proxima 3.





2. (4.17) "The Face of the Enemy" - Thanks to his new employer, CEO William Edgars, former Security Chief Michael Garibaldi is faced with the decision of whether or not to betray Sheridan to EarthForce. Babylon 5's Dr. Stephen Franklin and telepath Lyta Alexander arrive on Mars with a cargo of frozen telepaths for the final battles in the Earth Civil War.





3. (4.05) "The Long Night" - Sheridan make plans for the final strike against the Shadows and the Vorlons during the Shadow War. Meanwhile, Centauri Prime Ambassador Londo Mollari and his aide, Vir Cotto, make the final plans for assassinating Emperor Cartagia.





4. (4.20) "Endgame" - Following his rescue by Garibaldi, Franklin and Lyta; Sheridan leads the final assault against President Clark's forces with the help of his rescuers and the Mars Resistance.





5. (4.14) "Moments of Transition" - During the last days of the Minbari Civil War, the Warrior Caste demands the surrender of Ambassador Delenn and the Religious Caste. Meanwhille, Psi cop Alfred Bester makes an offer to an increasingly desperate Lyta and Sheridan receives horrible news from Ivanova.





Honorable Mention: (4.06) "Into the Fire" - Sheridan stages a final showdown between the Vorlons and the Shadows at Coriana 6 toward the end of the Shadow War.

"LOST" RETROSPECT: (2.14) "One of Them"

"LOST" RETROSPECT: (2.14) "One of Them"

I have a confession to make. There have been certain episodes from "LOST" that I had either ignored when they first aired or paid scant attention to them. In the case of the Season Two episode called (2.14) "One of Them". 

I have a second confession to make. I had never bothered to watch "One of Them" for many years after it first aired. Even after I had purchased the Season Two DVD box set. I cannot explain what led me to ignore the episode for so long. Nor can I explain what led me to finally watch "One of Them" after so many years. But after my recent viewing of it, I now realize that I had wasted a lot of years avoiding it.

"One of Them" is a Sayid Jarrah-centric episode that focused on the character's past as an Iraqi soldier, the origins of his position as an interrogator/torturer and how it related to his time on the island. The episode began with Sayid's encounter with fellow Oceanic 815 survivor, Ana-Lucia Cortez, who informs him that she may have found one of the Others lurking in the jungle. The person in question turned out to be long-time castaway, the French-born Danielle Rousseau. Sayid learns from Danielle that she has captured a stranger in one of her traps. The man claims to be one Henry Gale, who had found himself stranded on the island with his wife, while they were traveling by hot air balloon. Danielle claims that the man is lying and shoots him in the shoulder with her crossbow, when he protests. Sayid takes "Gale" back to the Swan Station to be treated by the survivors' leader, Jack Shephard. While Jack and fellow survivor question the validity of "Gale's" story, Sayid takes matters into his hands by interrogating the stranger inside the station's armory.

The episode's flashback focused on Sayid's experiences as an Iraqi soldier toward the end of the First Gulf War. Sayid and his fellow soldiers are ordered to destroy documents by their commander, Tariq, when they are captured by a platoon of U.S. Army troops led by Sergeant Sam Austen, stepfather of survivor Kate Austen. The Americans are looking for a missing helicopter pilot and believe that Tariq knows the former's location. Sayid is manipulated by an Army intelligence officer named Inman to interrogate Tariq. At first, a loyal Sayid refuses to help Inman. But when the latter presents evidence that the Iraqi officer was responsible for subjecting Sarin gas to an Iraqi village - where some of Sayid's relations lived - Sayid becomes willing to interrogate his commander.

After my latest viewing of "One of Them", I must admit to feeling some regret that I had paid scant attention to it in the past. It is quite good. Let me rephrase my comment. Actually, it is a first-rate episode. I do not consider it to be one of my favorite episodes from Season Two, but I cannot deny that it is excellent. The episode featured another excellent portrayal of Sayid, whom I consider to be one of the series' more complex characters. The flashback gave viewers a peek into how he became a torturer in the first place. More importantly, "One of Them" moved the series' main narrative in a major way with the introduction of an important character - namely "Henry Gale".

As I watched Kevin Inman manipulate Sayid into interrogating his command officer, it occurred to me that one of the consistent aspects of the Iraqi's nature is that he can be manipulated into violating his own moral compass whenever someone he cares about is harmed or threatened. Kevin Inman managed to easily manipulate him into torturing Tariq, after revealing the latter's role in the deaths of some relatives. Also, Sayid's grief over Shannon's death made him willing to torture "Henry Gale" during the interrogation inside the Swan Station. I was also impressed - somewhat - at how cinematographer John S. Bartley and the visual effects team led by Kevin Blank re-created the last days of the First Gulf War in Iraq . . . despite the episode being shot in Hawaii. This episode also featured the continuing deterioration of Jack Shephard and John Locke's relationship, as the latter refused to cooperate with the former regarding the armory and Sayid's torture of "Gale". Although Locke called himself hoping that Sayid would learn the truth from "Gale", his reluctance to cooperate with Jack over the combination to the armory's lock.

But the one aspect of "One of Them" that stood apart for me, were the performances. Naveen Andrews gave an outstanding and intense performance, portraying Sayid during two periods of his life - as the hardened island survivor grieving over his dead lover and the young and wary Iraqi soldier, whose experiences with American soldiers changed his life. Another intense performance came from Mira Furlan, who continued her excellent portrayal of the tough, yet slightly off-kilter castaway, Danielle Rousseau. Both Matthew Fox and Terry O'Quinn were superb as usual as the castaways' two philosophical rivals - Jack Shephard and John Locke. The episode benefited from some first-rate performances from its guest stars - especially Clancy Brown as the quiet, yet ruthless military intelligence officer, Kevin Inman; and Marc Casabani as Sayid's arrogant commanding officer, Tariq. Michelle Rodriguez was not in the episode long enough for me to comment on her performance. But Michael Emerson was. "One of Them" featured his introduction as the elusive and manipulative stranger, "Henry Gale", who tries to convince Sayid and the other castaways that he is one, himself. Emerson's performance proved to be the first of many excellent ones for the series' remaining four-and-a-half seasons.

One would notice that I had not comment on Josh Holloway and Jorge Garcia's performances as castaways James "Sawyer" Ford and Hugo "Hurley" Reyes, who were featured in the episode's "B" plot. That is because I was far from impressed with this infantile subplot about Sawyer's determination to seek some island frog that was disturbing his peace. I could assume that the frog's noise represented Sawyer's guilt for the con job he had pulled on his fellow castaways in the previous episode, (2.14) "The Long Con". But honestly? The subplot seemed so irrelevant that I merely dismissed it.

Aside from a nothing "B" plot about Sawyer's search for a frog, I must say that I was more than impressed by the rest of"One of Them". It is a first-rate episode filled with suspense, tension, great characterizations and some excellent performances - especially from Naveen Andrews and Michael Emerson. More importantly, "One of Them" pushed the series' narrative in a major way that I found very satisfying.

"BABYLON 5" RETROSPECT: (2.16) "In the Shadow of Z'ha'dum"

"BABYLON 5" RETROSPECT: (2.16) "In the Shadow of Z'ha'dum"

About eighteen months ago, I had posted a list of my favorite Season Two episodes from the 1993-1998 syndicate series,"BABYLON 5". And one of those episodes happened to be (2.16) "In the Shadow of Z'ha'dum". For the sake of sentiment, I recently re-watched the episode to see if my views on it had changed. 

The series' second season - titled "The Coming of Shadows" - introduced a new character to the "BABYLON 5" universe. Captain John J. Sheridan first appeared in the season's premiere episode, (2.01) "Points of Departure" to replace Babylon 5's first commanding officer, Commander Jeffrey Sinclair. Like the latter, Captain Sheridan was a veteran of Earth Alliance's last major conflict, the Earth-Minbari War, which was fought over a decade before the series' setting. Sheridan was the only Earth military commander who scored a major victory over the Minbari, who possessed superior forces and weapons. Sheridan was also a married man, who became a widower following the death of his wife, Anna Sheridan. Two years earlier, Anna was killed while serving as a member of a planetary expedition aboard a ship called the Icarus for a mission to explore an obscure planet called Z'ha'dum.

The episode (2.02) "Revelations" dealt with Sheridan allegedly coming to terms with Anna's death. But the events of "In the Shadow of Z'ha'dum" proved otherwise. The story began with the arrival of a Human named Mr. Morden to Babylon 5. Following his first appearance in the Season One episode, (1.13) "Signs and Portents", Mr. Morden managed to form an alliance with Ambassador Londo Mollari of Centauri Prime. Using his connections with an ancient and powerful race of aliens known as "the Shadows" - whose homeworld happened to be Z'ha'dum, Morden helped the Centauri deal with its main enemy, the Narns. During Morden's latest visit to Babylon 5, Security Chief Michael Garibaldi unintentionally identifies him as a regular visitor to the station during a private conversation with Sheridan. When the captain realizes that Morden had been a member of the Icarus expedition that led to Anna's death, he has the man arrested and placed in a holding cell. Sheridan becomes obsessed with learning about the details of Anna's fate; and also the details behind Morden's survival and failure to inform Earth Alliance. This obsession leads the good captain to break security rules, alienate members of command staff and attract the attention of the Centauri, Minbar and Vorlon ambassadors.

During my latest viewing of "In the Shadow of Z'ha'dum", I tried to pinpoint what I did not like about it. I managed to find one aspect that struck me as unappealing. Sheridan's manipulation of resident telepath Talia Winters' only meeting with Morden struck me as rather forced. David J. Eagle's direction and Christopher Franke's score tried a little too hard in making this scene dramatic by amping up the suspense. The scene's build up struck me as over-the-top that it almost overshadowed the pay-off of Talia and Morden's actual meeting. It is a flaw I have spotted in other "BABYLON 5"episodes - even in some of its best.

"In the Shadow of Z'ha'dum" may not have be perfect, but I believe it might be one of the best episodes of Season Two . . . and in the entire season. The ironic thing is that hardly any action occurred in this episode, aside from a well deserved slap that Sheridan received from Talia. And yet, "In the Shadow of Z'ha'dum not only helped drive the series' main narrative forward, it also foreshadowed two major story arcs in future episodes - Sheridan's conflict with the Shadows and Garabaldi's role as Babylon 5's security chief. It also foreshadowed a minor plot - namely Morden's future fate. These story lines are major examples of series creator J. Michael Straczynski's use of foreshadow in his writing. And as far as I am concerned, no one else did it better other than George Lucas for his "STAR WARS" movie franchise.

However, I believe the best thing about "In the Shadow of Z'ha'dum" was the development of the John Sheridan character. Many fans had not been pleased when Bruce Boxleitner replaced the late Michael O'Hare, who portrayed Jeffrey Sinclair, as the series' new leading man. They accused the Sheridan character of being lightweight and dubbed him with the nickname of "Captain Smiley". Personally, I never had any problems with Sheridan before this episode. But this is the first time the series ever focused upon the negative aspects of Sheridan's character. And I found it very interesting. "Revelations" had revealed that Sheridan had yet to recover from his wife's death. "In the Shadow of Z'ha'dum" revealed that Sheridan's inability to recover from his grief brought out the worst of him - his temper, his penchant for brooding, his stubborness, his talent for manipulation and most importantly, his ruthlessness. Sheridan's reputation as "Captain Smiley" disappeared after this episode. For good.

The episode also featured a minor story line regarding the arrival of an Earth Alliance official named Pierce Macabee. The latter represented Earth Alliance's Ministry of Peace, which served as a security and propaganda machine for President Morgan Clark's administration. Macabee arrived at Babylon 5 to recruit the station's crew into Earth Alliance's new paramilitary organization, Nightwatch. These members were instructed to uncover and report on what they perceived to be "subversive" activities - namely open criticism and defiance of Clark's Administration. This story line was introduced in such a subtle manner that it almost seemed like afterthought. Almost. It allowed audiences to hear Macabee's speech about Nightwatch and watch him recruit some of the station's crew - including Zack Allen, who served with Babylon 5's security force under Garibaldi. Although Zack joined Nightwatch simply to earn extra credits, his decision will prove to have a major impact upon the series' main narrative, early in Season Three. The Nightwatch story arc proved to be another example of Straczynski's talent for using a minor story line as foreshadow. Very few writers and producers seemed capable of using this narrative device with any strong effect. Pity.

"In the Shadow of Z'ha'dum" also featured some first-rate performances. Regular cast members such as Claudia Christian, Mira Furlan, Jerry Doyle and Richard Biggs gave strong supportive performances. Although I was critical of the scene featuring Talia Winters' encounter with Mr. Morden, I certainly had no problems with Andrea Thompson's performance. The actress did an excellent job in conveying Talia's horror and later, outrage over Sheridan's actions. Jeff Conway really made the role of Zack Allen his own in this particular episode. I have always believed that one aspect that made a performer a first-rate screen actor or actress, is his or her ability to react to other characters. Conway was very effective in utilizing this acting tool in his scenes with Boxleitner and Doyle. And his performances in scenes with certain supporting characters struck me as effective and subtle at the same time. Especially in one scene in which Zack arrested Mr. Morden. I also have to commend Alex Hyde-White for his guest-starring turn as Nightwatch recruiter, Pierce Macabee. He did a superb job in projecting the Ministry of Peace's menace with such subtle charm.

Ed Wasser, who made such an impression as the quiet, yet menacing agent for the Shadows - Mr. Morden - in previous episodes, continued his excellent work in this episode. However, "In the Shadow of Z'ha'dum" also featured other dimensions to Morden's personality - fear, surprise and impatience - that Wasser conveyed with great skill. I especially enjoyed his work with both Stephen Furst and leading man Bruce Boxleitner. I have always been a fan of Furst since I first saw him in the 1978 comedy, "ANIMAL HOUSE". His time on NBC's "ST. ELSEWHERE" and "BABYLON 5" revealed his talent for dramatic acting. Furst effectively combined his skills for both drama and comedy in one particular in which Centauri Ambassador Aide Vir openly expressed his dislike for Morden. It is one of my favorite moments from the series.

Although the "Captain Smiley" nickname for the John Sheridan character disappeared after "In the Shadow of Z'ha'dum"first aired on television, Bruce Boxleitner's reputation as an actor suddenly gained momentum among the series' fans. I do not understand why. I have seen Boxleitner portray the darker aspects in previous roles very effectively. But I must say that I believe his performance in this episode may end up being regarded as one of his best. Boxleitner was superb as a ruthless Sheridan, obsessed with not only learning the truth about his wife's death, but also Morden's survival and revenge. It is a pity that the Emmys rarely acknowledge excellent acting or writing in the Science-Fiction/Fantasy genre.

"In the Shadow of Z'ha'dum" may not be my favorite Season Two episode from "BABYLON 5". But it is definitely my second favorite. And it is certainly one of my favorite episodes of the series. J. Michael Straczynski wrote an excellent episode about the consequences of grief for the series' main character. Thanks to fine writing, first-rate direction and excellent performances from a talented cast - especially series lead Bruce Boxleitner.

Top Five Favorite Episodes of "BABYLON 5" (Season Three: "Point of No Return")

Below is a list of my top five (5) favorite episodes from Season Three (1995-1996) of "BABYLON 5". Created by J. Michael Straczynski, the series starred Bruce Boxleitner, Claudia Christian, Jerry Doyle and Mira Furlan: 


TOP FIVE FAVORITE EPISODES OF "BABYLON 5" (SEASON THREE: "POINT OF NO RETURN")



1. (3.10) "Severed Dreams" - In this outstanding episode, President Clark of Earth Alliance tries to seize control of Babylon 5 by force, forcing station commander Captain John J. Sheridan and the command crew to take arms against their own government and initiating the Earth Civil War. The episode won the Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation in 1997.





2. (3.15) "Interludes and Examinations" - Captain Sheridan struggles to gather a force against the Shadows, when the Shadow War begins in earnest. Ambassador Londo Mollari looks forward to a reunion with a past lover, and Dr. Franklin falls further into his stims addiction.





3. (3.09) "Point of No Return" - When President Clark declares martial law throughout Earth Alliance, the command crew tries to stop Nightwatch from taking control of the station. Meanwhile, Ambassador Londo Mollari receives a prophecy from Emperor Turhan's widow when she visits the station.





4. (3.17) "War Without End (Part 2)" - This is the second half of a two-part episode in which the station's former commander, Jeffrey Sinclair, returns to participate in a mission vital to the future survival of Babylon 5 - traveling back in time to steal Babylon 4.